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lsteps of the staifinstead of simply the places of the letters,

@nitro ittttrs aztr'at @ittica 'WILLIAM E. CATLlN, 0F IVAYNE TOVNSHII), PENNSYLVANIA. Letters Patent No. 68,287, dated August 27, 1867.

MUSICAL SCALE.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. CATLIN, of Wayne township, in the county of Erie, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful diagram, which I call the Transposition Teacher, for the better illus tration .of the transposition of theI Musical Scale; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification.

This transposition teacher" may be made of paper, pasteboard, tin, or anything that can be used in like manner, and-of all sizes, from the peoketsize to a size suitable to suspend in the singing-class room.

I construct my transposition teacher, of two pieces. 'Ihe first is a wrapper, as shown in the drawings by the Figures one, one,(l,1,)&c., which is a piece of pastebeard or other material, cut twice the width of the teacher, and enough wider to-turn iu to the sectionalline-shown at Figure three, thuskeeping in its'place the second piece of the teacher, which is a slide made of the same materiah'aud only one thickness, out to slide easily within the wrapper, and of the same length as the wrapper, as shown by the blue lines in the drawings at Figure two, two, (2, 2,) 82e. Upon bot-h sides ofthe wrapper, alike, I place the musical scale, so as to represent fully all the halfas on the staff in common usewhich shows no distinction between the half-step and the whole-step intervals between the letters ofthe staff. I represent the lines ofthe common stati` by the heavy lines 'in the drawings, upon which stand the-letters E, G, B, D,'and F.- I'represent the spaces by the lighter lines F, A, C, and E; and the sections of lines at Figures four, four, (4, 4,) 82o., represent the halisteps'not shown in the common scale, and which occur in the whole-step intervals between the letters of the staff. In the` left endof the wrapper I c ut an oblong plaec,.as shown by the lines marked by Figures five, five, (5, 5;) and in the right end of the wrapper I cnt an oblique place, as by lin'es at Figures six, (6, 6.) On one side of the slide I place thc Hats, near the left, and near the right end the syllables, as used in transposition by the lats, the key-notes underlined with short dark lines, and the rest underlined by short :ed lines, to distinguish them the quicker, and in such a manner that the teachcr, when closed, represents the natural scale, or key of C natural, on both sides alike, with no flats orsharps in sight, andv syllables to match. By drawing the slide to -the'right we have on thc side shown in the drawings, first, the appearance of one, two, ne., flats, through the opening of the wrapper at figs. tive; and then the corresponding changes in the key-note and syllables appear throughthe opening in the wrapper at figs. six, which, by the aid ofthe represen-tation of all the half-steps of the scales, solves at a glance, for `the scholar, the obscurity which attends theteaching of the transposition of the musical scale without the illustration thatmy invention gives.

I fasten the parts of the teacher together' with two pieces of ribbon, as shown by Figures eight, (8,) passed through two slits in the wrapper' and through anoblong vplace cut in the slide, shown by Figures seven, (7,) which secures the slide and allows it to be moved far enough only to show all the changes by the transpositions shown thereon. In' the drawings the slide is drawn out to its full extent for illustration, and makes all the Hats 'visible through the opening in thc wrapper at five, while a portion of the wrapper, from the figs. six tothe right end, is shown as torn away to show the key-notes and syllables as written on the slide. On the opposite of the teacher are placed the Sharps inslike manner, with syllables, Zito., to correspond; and all their respective changes are shown in like manner, at the same time, by the same movement of the slide. X is a place cutaway from the end of the wrapper to admit of catching the slide with the thumb and finger.

What-I claim asmy invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Thev construction-and use of my transposition teacher, as and for the purpose set forth.

- WM. E. CAILIN.4v Witnesses:

HENRY A. CATLLN, WILLIAM A. Pian. 

